Why collectors chase Lincoln Wheat Pennies
Lincoln Wheat Pennies, produced from 1909 to 1958, are a cornerstone of American numismatics. Their long run, identifiable varieties, and a few dramatic errors make certain dates highly sought-after by collectors and investors.
This guide explains which Lincoln Wheat Pennies are most valuable, why they command attention, and how to approach buying or selling them responsibly.
Top Lincoln Wheat Pennies in history
Below are the most sought-after Lincoln Wheat Pennies, organized by why they matter: rarity, error type, or historical significance. Each entry includes what to look for when assessing a coin.
1909-S VDB — The first key date
Why it matters: The 1909-S VDB is the most famous early Lincoln Wheat Penny. It was a low-mintage San Francisco issue with the designer’s initials (VDB) on the reverse, making it a key date for type collectors.
What to check: Confirm the S mintmark and the tiny VDB initials at the reverse bottom. Higher grade examples are scarce and command premium prices.
1914-D — A Denver rarity
Why it matters: The 1914-D Lincoln Wheat Penny is a classic Denver key date. Compared with many other years, surviving coins in fine or better condition are uncommon.
What to check: Look for a clear D mintmark on the obverse. Eye appeal and surface quality significantly affect value for this date.
1922 Plain (No D) — The mystery mintmark
Why it matters: In 1922 many Denver-struck cents came out without a visible D mintmark. These “plain” 1922 cents from Denver are a well-known variety and strongly desired when found in higher grades.
What to check: Examine the reverse and obverse fields near where a D would normally appear. Some specimens show traces of a punched D or weak strike; authentic Denver no-D coins differ from worn Philadelphia pieces.
1943 Copper — A wartime error
Why it matters: Most 1943 cents were struck in steel to conserve copper for World War II. A small number of bronze planchets were mistakenly used; these copper 1943 cents are extremely rare and highly valuable.
What to check: A genuine 1943 copper cent will be brown like other bronze cents, not silver-colored. Authentication by a reputable service is strongly recommended before any transaction.
1955 Doubled Die Obverse — A striking variety
Why it matters: The 1955 doubled die obverse shows strong doubling of the date and parts of the legends on the obverse. It is one of the most visible and popular doubled-die Lincoln cents for collectors.
What to check: Look for clear, bold doubling on the word LIBERTY and the date. Wear reduces the visibility of doubling, so collectors prize well-preserved examples.
Other notable Lincoln Wheat Pennies and varieties
- 1909 VDB (Philadelphia) — First-year issue with VDB initials; less rare than the 1909-S VDB but significant.
- 1916 Doubled Die — Known for doubling; value varies by grade.
- 1931-S — Lower mintage San Francisco issue that can be scarce in high grades.
How to authenticate and grade Lincoln Wheat Pennies
Authentication and accurate grading are crucial for rare Lincoln Wheat Pennies. Counterfeits and altered coins exist, especially for high-value dates and errors.
Practical steps:
- Use a loupe (10x) to check mintmarks, doubling, and die markers.
- Compare suspected rarities with photos from trusted references or grading services.
- When in doubt, submit coins to a professional grading service (PCGS, NGC) for verification.
Buying and selling tips for collectors
Follow these guidelines to reduce risk and maximize value when dealing with sought-after Lincoln Wheat Pennies.
- Buy from reputable dealers or auctions with return policies and verifiable provenance.
- Request high-resolution photos that show both sides and close-ups of mintmarks or doubling.
- Factor in grading and certification fees when calculating total value.
- Store coins in inert holders and avoid PVC flips that can damage surfaces.
The Lincoln cent was introduced in 1909 to honor Abraham Lincoln’s 100th birthday. The Wheat Reverse design stayed in production until 1958, making it one of the longest-running U.S. small-cent designs.
Real-world example: Finding a rare penny
A collector searched an inherited coin album and found a brown 1943 cent that looked unusual. After sending it to a grading service, the coin was authenticated as a bronze 1943 error and sold at auction for a six-figure sum.
Lesson learned: Careful inspection of inherited collections and professional authentication can reveal unexpectedly valuable coins.
Conclusion and practical checklist
Collectors should focus on these priorities when pursuing the most sought-after Lincoln Wheat Pennies: verify authenticity, understand the key dates and varieties, and protect coin condition. High-quality examples of the key issues command strong premiums, so careful buying and proper storage matter.
Quick checklist:
- Verify mintmark and designer initials where relevant.
- Look for doubling, missing mintmarks, or nonstandard planchets.
- Use professional grading for high-value coins.
- Keep documentation and proper storage for provenance and condition.
With careful study and attention to authentication, collectors can confidently add important Lincoln Wheat Pennies to their collections and avoid common pitfalls.